Forward Chaining

Fuzzy Logic

A form of logic that handles approximate reasoning, allowing variables to have degrees of truth rather than strict binary true/false values.

Bayesian Reasoning

A statistical approach to AI that uses Bayes' theorem to update probability estimates as new evidence becomes available.

Heuristic Search

Problem-solving techniques that use practical rules of thumb to find satisfactory solutions when exhaustive search is impractical.

State Space Search

A method of problem-solving that represents all possible states of a system and searches for a path from initial to goal state.

Constraint Satisfaction

A computational approach where problems are defined as a set of variables, domains, and constraints that must all be simultaneously satisfied.

Planning Algorithm

An AI algorithm that generates a sequence of actions to achieve a specified goal from an initial state.

Backward Chaining

An inference strategy that starts with a goal and works backward through rules to determine what facts must be true.

Abductive Reasoning

A form of logical inference that seeks the simplest and most likely explanation for a set of observations.

A semiconductor designed specifically for AI and machine learning computations, optimised for parallel processing and matrix operations.

The principle of ensuring AI systems make equitable decisions without discriminating against any group based on protected attributes.

The component of an AI system that applies logical rules to a knowledge base to derive new information or make decisions.

The frameworks, policies, and regulations that guide the responsible development and deployment of AI technologies.

The ratio of true positive predictions to all actual positive instances, measuring completeness of positive identification.

A formal representation of knowledge as a set of concepts, categories, and relationships within a specific domain.

A hypothetical form of AI that possesses the ability to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across any intellectual task a human can perform.

Abilities that appear in large language models at certain scale thresholds that were not present in smaller versions, such as in-context learning and complex reasoning.

Strategy

A plan of action designed to achieve a long-term or overall aim, involving resource allocation and competitive positioning.