Quantum Supremacy

Quantum Advantage

The practical ability of a quantum computer to solve real-world problems faster or better than classical computers.

Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm

A hybrid algorithm designed to solve combinatorial optimisation problems on near-term quantum hardware.

Quantum Neural Network

Neural network architectures designed to run on quantum hardware, potentially offering computational advantages.

Topological Qubit

A qubit design that encodes information in the topological properties of matter, offering inherent error protection.

Superconducting Qubit

A qubit implementation using superconducting circuits that exhibit quantum behaviour at extremely low temperatures.

Trapped Ion Qubit

A qubit implementation using individual ions confined by electromagnetic fields and manipulated by laser beams.

Cirq

Google's open-source framework for writing, manipulating, and running quantum circuits on quantum hardware and simulators.

Random fluctuations in quantum systems that introduce errors and limit the accuracy of quantum computations.

A programming framework providing tools, libraries, and simulators for developing quantum applications.

Cryptographic algorithms designed to be secure against both classical and quantum computer attacks.

The factor by which a quantum algorithm outperforms the best known classical algorithm for the same problem.

Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum — the current era of quantum computing with limited, error-prone qubits.

Software that translates high-level quantum algorithms into sequences of quantum gates executable on specific hardware.

A quantum computing approach that finds the lowest energy state of a system, useful for optimisation problems.

The transfer of quantum states between qubits using entanglement and classical communication.