Ransomware

Cybersecurity

The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks, unauthorised access, and data breaches.

Threat Intelligence

Evidence-based knowledge about existing or emerging threats to an organisation's digital assets and infrastructure.

Vulnerability Assessment

The process of identifying, quantifying, and prioritising security vulnerabilities in systems and applications.

Penetration Testing

A simulated cyberattack against a system to evaluate the security of its defences and identify exploitable vulnerabilities.

Red Team

A group of security professionals who simulate real-world attacks to test an organisation's defensive capabilities.

Blue Team

A group of security professionals who defend against both real attackers and simulated attacks from red teams.

Purple Team

A collaborative security approach combining red team attack knowledge with blue team defensive capabilities.

Intrusion Prevention System

A network security technology that examines network traffic to detect and prevent vulnerability exploits.

Malware

Malicious software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorised access to computer systems.

Phishing

A social engineering attack that uses fraudulent communications to trick recipients into revealing sensitive information.

Spear Phishing

A targeted phishing attack directed at specific individuals or organisations using personalised deceptive content.

Zero-Day Vulnerability

A software security flaw unknown to the vendor that can be exploited before a patch is available.

A code injection technique that exploits vulnerabilities in database-driven applications through malicious SQL statements.

Authentication methods such as FIDO2 passkeys and hardware security keys that are immune to phishing attacks because credentials are cryptographically bound to the legitimate service.

An advanced firewall that goes beyond traditional packet filtering to include application awareness and intrusion prevention.

The practice of reporting security vulnerabilities to software vendors so they can be fixed before public exploitation.

An approach integrating security practices within the DevOps process, making security a shared responsibility.

The practice of protecting information by mitigating information risks including unauthorised access, use, and disruption.

A structured set of guidelines and best practices for meeting regulatory requirements and industry standards.

An attack designed to make a machine or network resource unavailable by overwhelming it with traffic.