Sensor

Internet of Things

The network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity that exchange data over the internet.

Actuator

A device that converts energy into motion to control a mechanism or system based on received commands.

Embedded System

A dedicated computer system designed for specific functions within a larger mechanical or electrical system.

Firmware

Permanent software programmed into a hardware device's read-only memory that controls its basic functions.

Edge Device

A computing device at the boundary of a network that processes data locally before sending it to the cloud.

Condition Monitoring

Continuously tracking equipment parameters to detect changes that indicate developing faults.

Industry 4.0

The fourth industrial revolution characterised by smart automation, IoT, cloud computing, and AI in manufacturing.

Wearable Technology

Electronic devices worn on the body that collect data, track activities, and provide notifications or feedback.

Smart Grid

An electrical grid using digital communication and IoT to monitor and manage electricity distribution efficiently.

SCADA

Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition — a system for monitoring and controlling industrial processes remotely.

PLC

Programmable Logic Controller — an industrial digital computer adapted for controlling manufacturing processes and machinery.

OPC-UA

Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture — a machine-to-machine communication protocol for industrial automation.

A vehicle equipped with internet connectivity and sensors enabling communication with other vehicles and infrastructure.

A middleware solution connecting IoT devices with applications, providing device management, data processing, and integration.

The application of IoT technology in industrial settings for monitoring, automation, and optimisation of operations.

Long Range Wide Area Network — a low-power protocol designed for wirelessly connecting IoT devices over long distances.

Narrowband IoT — a cellular technology standard for low-power, wide-area IoT applications.

Performing data analysis at the network edge, close to data sources, for real-time insights and reduced latency.

A distributed computing paradigm extending cloud capabilities to the edge of the network for IoT processing.

Constrained Application Protocol — a specialised web transfer protocol for use with constrained devices in IoT networks.

Temperature

A parameter controlling the randomness of language model outputs — lower values produce more deterministic text.